Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a condition that affects blood flow and causes a variety of symptoms when transitioning from lying down to standing up. Here are some key points about POTS:
Symptoms
- Rapid Heart Rate: A significant increase in heart rate when standing.
- Dizziness and Lightheadedness: Common when moving from a lying or sitting position to standing.
- Fatigue: Persistent tiredness and exhaustion.
- Brain Fog: Difficulty concentrating and thinking clearly.
- Nausea: Feeling sick to the stomach.
- Headaches: Frequent headaches or migraines.
- Palpitations: Feeling of the heart pounding or fluttering.
- Sweating: Excessive sweating.
- Blurry Vision: Vision problems when standing up.
Causes
- Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction: The autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary functions like heart rate and blood pressure, doesn’t work properly.
- Blood Volume Issues: Lower than normal blood volume.
- Hormonal Imbalances: Elevated levels of certain hormones like norepinephrine.
- Genetic Factors: Family history of similar conditions.
- Associated Conditions: Often seen in people with autoimmune diseases, viral illnesses, or after significant physical trauma.
Diagnosis
- Tilt Table Test: Measures heart rate and blood pressure responses to changes in position.
- Standing Test: Observes heart rate and blood pressure while standing.
- Blood Tests: To rule out other conditions.
Treatment
- Lifestyle Changes: Increasing fluid and salt intake, wearing compression stockings, and avoiding prolonged standing.
- Medications: Beta-blockers, fludrocortisone, and other medications to manage symptoms.
- Physical Therapy: Exercise programs to improve circulation and muscle strength.
POTS can significantly impact daily life, but with proper management, many people see improvements in their symptoms.
Not an autoimmune disease but has been associated with autoimmune disorders such as lupus, Sjögren’s syndrome, and celiac disease.
